Battle of the Monongahela in the French and Indian War

The Battle of Monongahela was fought on July 9, 1755, during the French and Indian War (1754-1763) and represented a failed attempt by the British to capture the French post at Fort Duquesne. Leading a slow advance north from Virginia, General Edward Braddock encountered a mixed French and Native American force near his objective. In the resulting engagement, his men struggled with the forest landscape and he fell mortally wounded. After Braddock was hit, the British ranks collapsed and the looming defeat turned into a rout. Fort Duquesne would remain in French hands for four more years. Assembling an Army In the wake of Lieutenant Colonel George Washingtons defeat at Fort Necessity in 1754, the British decided to mount a larger expedition against Fort Duquesne (present-day Pittsburgh, PA) the following year. Led by Braddock, the commander-in-chief of British forces in North America, the operation was to be one of many against French forts on the frontier. Though the most direct route to Fort Duquesne was through Pennsylvania, Lieutenant Governor Robert Dinwiddie of Virginia successfully lobbied to have the expedition depart from his colony. Though Virginia lacked the resources to support the campaign, Dinwiddie desired the military road that would be built by Braddock to pass through his colony as it would benefit his business interests. Arriving at Alexandria, VA in early 1755, Braddock began assembling his army which was centered on the under-strength 44th and 48th Regiments of Foot. Selecting Fort Cumberland, MD as his departure point, Braddocks expedition was beset with administrative issues from the outset. Hampered by a lack of wagons and horses, Braddock required the timely intervention of Benjamin Franklin to supply sufficient numbers of both. Braddocks Expedition After some delay, Braddocks army, numbering around 2,400 regulars and militia, departed Fort Cumberland on May 29. Among those in the column was Washington who had been appointed as an aide-de-camp to Braddock. Following the trail blazed by Washington the year before, the army moved slowly as it needed to widen the road to accommodate the wagons and artillery. After moving around twenty miles and clearing the eastern branch of the Youghiogheny River, Braddock, on Washingtons advice, split the army in two. While Colonel Thomas Dunbar advanced with the wagons, Braddock rushed ahead with around 1,300 men. The First of the Problems Though his flying column was not encumbered with the wagon train, it still moved slowly. As a result, it became plagued by supply and disease problems as it crawled along. As his men moved north, they met light resistance from Native Americans allied with the French. Braddocks defensive arrangements were sound and few men were lost in these engagements. Nearing Fort Duquesne, Braddocks column was required to cross the Monongahela River, march two miles along the east bank, and then re-ford at Fraziers Cabin. Braddock expected both crossing to be contested, and was surprised when no enemy troops appeared. Fording the river at Fraziers Cabin on July 9, Braddock re-formed the army for the final seven-mile push to the fort. Alerted to the British approach, the French planned to ambush Braddocks column as they knew the fort could not withstand the British artillery. Leading a force of around 900 men, most of which were Native American warriors, Captain Lià ©nard de Beaujeu was delayed in departing. As a result, they encountered the British advance guard, led by Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Gage, before they could set the ambush. Armies Commanders British Major General Edward Braddock1,300 men French Indians Captain Lià ©nard de BeaujeuCaptain Jean-Daniel Dumas891 men The Battle of  Monongahela Opening fire on the approaching French and Native Americans, Gages men killed de Beaujeu in their opening volleys. Attempting to make a stand with his three companies, Gage was soon outflanked as Captain Jean-Daniel Dumas rallied de Beaujeus men and pushed them through the trees. Under heavy pressure and taking casualties, Gage ordered his men to fall back on Braddocks men. Retreating down the trail, they collided with the advancing column and confusion began to reign. Unused to forest fighting, the British attempted to form their lines while the French and Native Americans fired on them from behind cover (Map). As smoke filled the woods, British regulars accidentally fired on friendly militia believing them to be the enemy. Flying around the battlefield, Braddock was able to stiffen his lines as makeshift units began to offer resistance. Believing that his mens superior discipline would carry the day, Braddock continued the fight. After about three hours, Braddock was hit in the chest by bullet. Falling from his horse, he was carried to the rear. With their commander down, British resistance collapsed and they began falling back towards the river. Defeat Becomes a Rout As the British retreated, the Native Americans surged forward. Wielding tomahawks and knives, they caused a panic in the British ranks which turned the retreat into a rout. Gathering what men he could, Washington formed a rear guard which allowed many of the survivors to escape. Re-crossing the river, the beaten British were not pursued as the Native Americans set about looting and scalping the fallen. Aftermath The Battle of the Monongahela cost the British 456 killed and 422 wounded. French and Native American casualties are not known with precision but are speculated to have been around 30 killed and wounded. The survivors of the battle retreated back down the road until reuniting with Dunbars advancing column. On July 13, as the British camped near Great Meadows, not far from the site of Fort Necessity, Braddock succumbed to his wound. Braddock was buried the next day in the middle of the road. The army then marched over the grave to eliminate any trace of it in order to prevent the generals body being recovered by the enemy. Not believing that he could continue the expedition, Dunbar elected to withdraw towards Philadelphia. Fort Duquesne would finally be taken by British forces in 1758, when an expedition led by General John Forbes reached the area. In addition to Washington, the Battle of the Monongahela featured several prominent officers who would later serve in the American Revolution (1775-1783) including Horatio Gates, Charles Lee, and Daniel Morgan.

Industrial Revolution Essay - 1643 Words

The industrialization of Europe resulted in widespread changes within society. French revolutionaries of all factions were aware that the whole of social life was infused with ideological significance, and were therefore determined to restructure society from top to bottom and across the board. R.G Collingwood argues that some social changes that were felt during this period of time included changes to class structure, the working class, family dynamics, women’s role, and even the lower to middle class. On the topic of social changes, he says that, â€Å"the industrial revolution had far reaching social consequences, which varied across class and regions. Between the late 18th and early 20th centuries, new family and class structures emerged to†¦show more content†¦Thus two interlinked aspects of work experience transformed were the notion of time and the idea of work discipline. E.P. Thompson explains this was because changes in manufacture now demanded greater sync hronization of labor and greater exactitude in time routines, simply because time was money in the new wage economy. The last important change that came from the Industrial revolution can be seen in work specialization. More and more workers performed more minuet and tedious tasks that consequently led to better efficiency for the factory. Unfortunately though the specialization that led to greater efficiency only allowed for an inadequate sense of accomplishment for the workers. This was because the worker would repeat a task day after day, week after week therefore they felt as if they were inconsequential to the greater picture at hand. Specialization of work, the new discipline, rigorous time schedules and low wages all contributed to a feeling of alienation for the worker, from his work and employer.4 The impact that this revolution had on the elites and bourgeoisie was a very interesting conundrum that needs to be investigated as well. According to Marvin Perry the forward movement in technology led to an enormous growth in the types of people that encompassed the middle, bourgeoisie class. Now we saw entrepreneur’s professional-lawyers, notaries,Show MoreRelatedEssay on Industrial Revolution1489 Words   |  6 Pagesenvironment. Industrial revolution was so fundamental that it’s often compared with the transition from farming to stock raising, which began several thousand years before the birth of Christ. Considering the uses of natural resources, can human history be dived up into three pieces of varying length; hundreds of thousands years before â€Å"the agricultural revolution†, thousands of years between this and the Industrial revolution and the two hundreds years after the beginning of Industrial revolution. BeforeRead More Industrial Revolution Essay1623 Words   |  7 Pageshuman culture since the advent of agriculture eight or ten thousand years ago, was the industrial revolution of eighteenth century Europe. The consequences of this revolution would change irrevocably human labor, consumption, family structure, social structure, and even the very soul and thoughts of the individual. This revolution involved more than technology; to be sure, there had been industrial quot;revolutionsquot; throughout European history and non-European history. In Europe, for instanceRead MoreEssay on Industrial Revolution1279 Words   |  6 PagesIndustrial Revolution Europe during the eighteenth century was at the height of the industrial revolution, none of which reached America. In New England the population was largely English, but America as a whole had more than 20 ethnic strains present, nowhere in Europe could such a heterogeneous mixture be found. America was unique in its political structure. Americans vested authority in personalities, rather than, as in England, in institutions of tradition. As a people they had been stripedRead MoreIndustrial Revolution Essay734 Words   |  3 PagesDue to the Industrial Revolution, many changes started occurring in this new era such as the factories began to use more mechanics, limiting skill needed to produce products as well as hastening the harvesting of raw materials. Secondarily there was a huge standard of living and wage drop in cities due to urbanization which occurred after the factories created an abundance of jobs. Also, there was a huge shift in the population and there was a massive pop ulation growth due to the excess food andRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution Essay847 Words   |  4 PagesThe Industrial Revolution During the 1800s, phenomenal changes took place in America. These changes would impact our society incredibly for years to come and even still in the present. The major changes that took place were in transportation and industry. American society expanded so much in the early 1800s that it very well could have been the only time in history where this happened in such a short amount of time. From steamboats to railroads and from textile mills to interchangeable partsRead MoreEssay on Industrial Revolution729 Words   |  3 Pages How Did The Industrial Revolution Affect A Person’s Quality of Life? One’s quality of life is defined as the degree of well-being felt by a person or a group of persons. It is concerned with a citizen’s consumption of goods and services, human rights and the environment. The industrial revolution have produced great wealth to many citizens that influences their state of well being. Others may argue that the changes and advancements in society have brought the burden of scarce resources, diseasesRead More industrial revolution Essay853 Words   |  4 Pagespart of the 18th century, a new revolution gripped the world that we were not ready for (Perry, 510). This revolution was not a political one, but it would lead to many implications later in its existence (Perry, 510). Neither was this a social or Cultural Revolution, but an economic one (Perry, 510). The Industrial revolution, as historians call it, began the modern world. It began the world we live in today and our way of life in that world. It is called a revolution because the chan ges it made wereRead MoreEssay on The Industrial Revolution1366 Words   |  6 PagesThe Industrial Revolution Introduction to the Revolution The Industrial revolution was a time of drastic change marked by the general introduction of power-driven machinery. This change generally helped life, but it had its disadvantages as well. Pollution, such as Carbon Dioxide levels in the atmosphere rose, working conditions declined, and the number of women and children working increased. The government, the arts, literature, music, architecture and mans way of looking at life allRead MoreIndustrial Revolution Essay763 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ The Industrial Revolution The Agriculture Revolution was a time when people worked the land by using simple hand tools. By the 1800’s, most people in Western Europe and the United States lived on farms. The nation’s economy was based on farming and the making of goods by hand and trading. They lived in rural areas in little cottages lit with firelight and candles. They made their own clothes and grew their own food. The system of making your own clothes was called the putting out systemRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution Essay972 Words   |  4 PagesConditions of laborers and the role of women in society has been constantly evolving over the course of history. However, these two major groups experienced the most drastic alterations during the Industrial Revolution. Between the 19th and early 20th centuries, laborers diversified in age, while labor conditions declined. During this same time period, the role of women was reinvented as females searched for work and changed their role within the family. To begin, industrialization was the instigator

Rate Equation and Order Reaction Free Essays

Top of Form 1. For the overall hypothetical reaction A + 5B —gt; 4C the rate of appearance of C given by may also be expressed as: A. B. We will write a custom essay sample on Rate Equation and Order Reaction or any similar topic only for you Order Now C. D. 2. For the reaction 4 NH3(g) + 5 O2(g) —gt; 4 NO(g) + 6 H2O(g), the value of -[NH3]/t = 2. 6 x 10-3 M/s at a particular time. What is the value of -[O2]/t at the same instant? A. 1. 3 x 10-2 M/s B. 2. 08 x 10-3 M/s C. 2. 6 x 10-3 M/s D. 3. 25 x 10-3 M/s E. 520 M/s 3. What is the overall order for the following reaction between acetone and iodine? The experimental rate law is rate = k [CH3COCH3] [H3O+] ) CH3COCH3(aq) + I2(aq) +H2O —gt; CH3COCH2I(aq) + H3O+(aq) + I-(aq) A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 E. 4 4. Nitric oxide (NO) reacts with hydrogen (H2) according to the equation: 2 NO(g) + 2 H2(g) —gt; N2(g) + 2 H2O(g) The following initial rates of reaction have been measured for the given reactant concentrations. Expt. # | NO | H2 | Rate (M/hr)| 1 | 0. 010 | 0. 020 | 0. 020| 2 | 0. 015 | 0. 020 | 0. 030| 3 | 0. 010 | 0. 010 | 0. 005| Which of the following is the rate law (rate equation) for this reaction? A. rate = k[NO]2 [H2] B. rate = k[NO] [H2]2 C. rate = k[NO] [H2 ]4 D. ate = k[NO] [H2] E. rate = k[NO]1/2 [H2]1/4 5. A certain first order reaction A —gt; B is 46 % complete in 68 min at 25Â °C. What is its rate constant? A. 9. 06 x 10-3 min-1 B. 1. 14 x 10-2 min-1 C. 31 min-1 D. -1. 14 x 10-2 min-1 E. 51 min-1 6. What is the value of the rate constant for a first order reaction for which the half-life is 26. 7 min? A. 18. 5 min-1 B. 38. 5 min-1 C. 9. 25 min-1 D. 19. 3 min-1 E. 0. 026 min-1 7. A reaction which is second order has a rate constant of 1. 0 x 10-3 LÂ · mol-1 Â ° sec-1. If the initial concentration of the reactant is 0. 200 M, how long will it take for the concentration to become 0. 250 M? A. 4. 0 x 104 s B. 3. 5 x 104 min C. 3. 5 x 104 s D. 8000 s E. 3. 5 x 10-2 s 8. What is the half life of the previous second order reaction? A. 200 s B. 5000 s C. 0. 005 s D. 2 x 10-4 s E. none of the above 9. For the chemical reaction A —gt; C, a plot of ln[A] versus time is found to give a straight line with a negative slope. What is the order of the reaction? A. third B. second C. first D. zero E. such a plot cannot reveal the order of reaction 10. What is the slope of an Arrhenius plot for the following reaction? CH3CHO(g) —gt; CH4(g) + CO(g) Temp (K); k (LÂ ·mol-1Â ·s-1) 700; 0. 11 730; 0. 035 790; 0. 343 A. 7. 86 x 10-2 L mol-1 s-1/K B. 2. 89 x 10-3 K C. -2. 87 x 103 K D. 3. 23 x 10-4 K E. -2. 32 x 104 K 11. The rate c onstant of a first order reaction is 3. 68 x 10-2 s-1 at 150Â °C. What is the rate constant at 170Â °C if the activation energy for the reaction is 71 kJ/mol? A. 9. 16 x 10-2 s-1 B. 3. 68 x 10-2 s-1 C. 10. 92 s-1 D. -4. 04 x 10-2 s-1 E. 2. 46 x 101 s-1 12. A catalyst increases the rate of a reaction by A. increasing the enthalpy of the reaction B. lowering the activation energy C. raising the activation energy D. decreasing the enthalpy of the reaction 13. For the following exothermic reaction, the rate law at 298 K is: Rate = k [H2] [I2] ———– H2(g) + I2(g) –gt; 2 HI(g) Addition of a catalyst would effect the initial rate of the reaction by: A. increasing the rate of the forward reaction B. increasing the rate of both forward and reverse reactions C. increasing the rate of the reverse reaction D. causing no increase or decrease in the rate of reaction E. none of the above 14. If the rate of the reaction PCl5 —gt; PCl3 + Cl2 is increased a factor of four by doubling the concentration of PCl5, the rate law: A. depends on the concentrations of PCl3 and Cl2 B. is first order with respect to PCl5 C. is second order with respect to PCl5 D. is fourth order with respect to PCl5 15.. Consider the reaction of CH3Cl with hydroxide ion CH3Cl + OH- –gt; CH3OH + Cl- At some temperature the following data are collected: Initial conc| rate after 1 min| [CH3Cl]| [OH-| | 0. 1 M| 0. 1 M| 1 x 10-4 mole/L| 0. 2 M| 0. 1 M| 2 x 10-4 mole/L| 0. 1 M| 0. 2 M| 2 x 10-4 mole/L| A. The reaction is first order with respect to methyl chloride B. The reaction is first order with respect to hydroxide ion C. The reaction is second order overall D. All of the above How to cite Rate Equation and Order Reaction, Papers

Generational Accounting Theory and Application Method

Question: Discuss about the Generational Accounting for Theory and Application Method. Answer: Introduction: The accounting and commercial activities have become more complexed and advanced due to the introduction of new business activities and impact of the globalization. Such increasing complexity in the accounting field, has led the accounting researchers to develop new and modern accounting theories and concepts to fulfill the new requirements. Positive accounting is one of such newly developed concepts, which deals with the disparity in accounting practices, caused by the difference in human behaviors. The study is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the Positive Accounting Theory. It can also be very beneficial to correlate the human behaviors with the various accounting methods and concepts, practiced by the different accountants. The research has been done on the basis of the article, named, Half a Defense of Positive Accounting Research. The research incorporates ontology and epistemology to describe the causes of the differences in the accounting methods and the effects of the disparity in the human behavior more precisely and accurately. It has been observed that in many scenarios, the accounting methods are amended to defend the causes and actions of the accountants and managers for a specified period, but not revised in future accordingly (Biondi Zambon, 2013). It leads the accounting methods to change permanently and thus, creates a new section of accounting. Therefore, the study investigates such certain causes, which influence such changes in the accounting concepts and methods. For better analysis purpose, the study includes both the qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis and collects relevant information from various respective and reliable sources. Summarization of the Article: The study has covered many vast sectors of accounting and economics and incorporated several data analysis techniques to analyze the information related to the study. It has given focus on both the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis for deriving the outcomes. The qualitative analysis is conducted on the prominent research works and related articles. The quantitative analysis has segmented and verified the important information, gathered from various sources. The respective analysis depicts that the human behavior is very much influenced by the free wills of the individual human beings. The nature of the free will cannot be described completely through scientific research. On the other hand, it is not random also. Therefore, the scientific procedures follow the trend of human behavior for correlating it with any general concepts. The article includes a vivid study on the nature and trend of the human behavior. Apart from scientific research, the study also includes social sciences for better understanding of human behavior (Bonin, 2013). The study has summarized the outcomes of the qualitative research analysis and concluded that in many cases, the accounting theories are not explained properly in context with the human behavior. Poppers criterion is one of the most popular theories on this topic. It describes the criteria, responsible for evolution of new accounting theories from the older version. However, the study explains how the theory of Popper fails to describe the invention of new theories. It demonstrates how the positive accounting can be a potential instrument in explaining the causes of new accounting theories and concepts (Deegan, 2012). The quantitative analysis includes hypothesis testing procedures, though, the information, required for such analysis, are often not so reliable in nature. However, the article describes that the positive accounting approach aims to connect the issues with much wider scientific endeavor. The article has given focus on testing the vulnerable models with more stringent procedures. It has emphasized on the analytical procedures to cover up the drawbacks of both theoretical and practical model of research procedures. It relies on measuring the gathered information instead of testing it with different testing procedures, as the information are not specific enough and the sources of the information are also not reliable. By implementing such procedures, the article concludes that there is a significant disparity between the existing practical methods of positive accounting and the required procedures, which can lead the concept to become more effective and beneficial in accordance to its potentiality. The article has tried to pin out the causes for such disparity through the normal science, as described by Kuhn. It suggests that the normal scientific research should be considered and practiced as a general and important cultural activity. Then it can be possible to solve the puzzles, caused by the impact of human behavior on the accounting procedures and thus, the positive accounting concept can be more effective (Jones, 2015). Though it seems to be very tough and advanced procedures, a social system, developed by imitating science, can avoid the limitations of nature and create a perfect Kuhnian world. In such world, the researchers can solve the puzzles with the help of the reliable sources of info rmation from the society. As per the article, positive accounting is closely identical with the Kuhnian concept. Therefore, for solving the puzzles related to the accounting concepts can also be solved in the same procedure. Research Question: The article has been developed on the basis of the following questions:- What are prevailing theories and concepts, related to the research on Positive Accounting? What is the relationship between the positive accounting concept and the human behavior? In which manner, the Kuhnian concept of normal science is related with the field of accounting research? The research questions are well-aligned and answered in the article properly. The article has used the existing accounting theories and concepts for analyzing the positive accounting theory under the quantitative method. Thus, it has correlated the concept with the other concepts and theories accordingly (Miller Power 2013).The article has also included several other research papers to explain the relationship between the positive accounting and the human behavior. For explaining the relationship, it has even used ontological and epistemological procedures to explain the causes, responsible for the changes and evolution in accounting practices and the impacts of the human behavior on the accounting concepts. As the article has tried to explain the relationship of positive accounting concept and human behavior through scientific approaches, it has given focus on Kuhnian concept of normal science. The Kuhnian concept, which explains the concept of normal science, is very effective to create a bridge between the accounting fields with the scientific methodologies to describe the aforementioned relationship. Theoretical Framework: The article has developed to explain mainly the role and effectiveness of positive accounting theory for explaining the changes and revisions in accounting concepts in accordance to the changes in human behaviors. The article has used multiple research articles and theories to derive the required outcome. The article has incorporated the ancient Greek studies on rational behavior. In the ancient period, Greece was the centre of rich culture, which was established on the intellectual thoughts and free mindedness of the ancient Greek society. After the fall of the ancient Greece, these rich thoughts have been passed to the other parts of Europe and Central Asia via the Romans. However, there are some contradictory theories, existed in the ancient Greece, which may discourage the researchers to proceed for any research work. According to the Greek philosophy, every rational activity has some reasons, which force the individual to act either positively or negatively. The positive accounting concept states that the evolution or introduction of new accounting methods or concepts is not occurred without any aim or objective. It is developed as per the needs, requirements and preferences of the accountants or managers. Hence, it is very much influenced by the human behaviors. Thus, the ancien t philosophical theory helps to understand the rationale of the positive accounting concept and the objective of the research study. The article has developed the hypothesis of the quantitative analysis on the basis of the Poopers criterion. The criteria, described by Popper, explain the scenarios, which led the researchers to develop new theories. The criteria have helped to test many existing theories on the basis of the observations and predictions. Hence, the article has used the criteria to check whether the theories fulfill the Poppers description or it falls under falsifiability criterion. However, it should be noted that Poppers criterion is used to judge the theories. It does not describe the factors, responsible for the invention of new ideas or theories. Another research study, which has been given high importance in the article, is the Kuhnian description of normal science. Kuhn suggests that the research is the medium of attracting the researchers to solve interesting puzzles and thus, creating newer theories one after another. The positive accounting concept also states more or less approach. It narrates that a new accounting theory creates some constraints or further needs for the accountants and managers. Such issues or requirements influence the accountants or managers to develop a newer practice. The newer practice is generated as per the nature of the issues or requirements, which, in return, varies with the nature and thoughts of accounting practitioners (Wagenhofer, 2015). Significance Limitations of the Article: The article, named Half a Defense of Positive Accounting Research, has been studied for describing various concepts of accounting and auditing, which can provide better insights to the research work. The study also highlights the issues, for which, the accounting practices may fail to fulfill the Poppers criterion in many cases. However, it also includes some limitations. The importance and the limitations of the research study is described in details below: Importance of the Article: The study creates a clear relationship between the various concepts and theories of positive accounting. It helps to understand the perspective of introducing comparatively lower standards by relating the standards with the operational activities and objectives. It compares the traditional sciences with the concept of positive accounting and exhibits how the traditional sciences can be correlated with the principal objectives of the concept. Thus, it can be beneficial to resolve the major issues, described by Kuhn, through providing proper explanation of the concept. The study demonstrates how the positive accounting method can be useful to identify the major aspects of accounting theories by fulfilling the scientific objectives. The study describes the methods of positive accounting, which utilize the scientific processes for explaining the accounting methods (Deegan, 2016). Positive accounting is a broader concept, which deals with the accounting methods and its relation with the human behavior. Hence, for an elaborated study on positive accounting it is necessary to understand the causes of various positive accounting methods and impacts of the human behavior on those methods (Banerjee, 2014). The research study helps summarize the causes and impacts more precisely through epistemological and ontological analysis procedures. The research study also incorporates qualitative analysis process. Thus, it analyzes the existing popular theories and concepts for evaluating the positive accounting theory. The study has been conducted to test all the factors related to the positive accounting concept. Thus, it aligns all the related accounting and non-accounting factors with the concept. Limitations of the Article: The theoretical models, which are used in this article, does not relate with the objectives of the study closely. Therefore, it should have included more specific and better models for explaining the issues (Deegan, 2013). As discussed above, the collected information is mainly measured in this article for analytical purpose. The outcomes of the analysis would be more accurate, if the analytical model would include testing models as well. The parameters for the testing of hypothesis are not estimated properly. The estimations should have been based on the comparison between the theoretical predictions and the confidence intervals of the parameter (Dobija Kurek, 2013). It can be suggested that the article should incorporate information archives for measuring necessary concepts and methods. The article should further confirm the outcomes of the hypothesis testing. It should also identify the limitations of applying the research outcomes in other research works and related fields of accounting. Conclusion: The article, Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research, has provided a thorough research on the relationship between the positive accounting concept and the human behavior. It has included various other articles and research works for providing proper details. The research analysis has also been done in a descriptive and precise manner so that the outcomes from the qualitative and quantitative methods can help to achieve the common research objective. The incorporation of scientific approach has made the research work more authenticate. Though, after reviewing the article, some limitations of the research procedure have been identified in the article, it can be concluded that the article can be proved to be highly beneficial for the other accounting research works in future. References: Banerjee, B. (2014).Cost Accounting Theory and Practice. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Biondi, Y., Zambon, S. (Eds.). (2013).Accounting and business economics: Insights from national traditions. Routledge. Bonin, H. (2013).Generational accounting: theory and application. Springer Science Business Media. Deegan, C. (2012).Australian financial accounting. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Deegan, C. (2013).Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Deegan, C. (2016).Financial Accounting. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Dobija, M., Kurek, B. (2013). Scientific provenance of accounting.International Journal of Accounting and Economics Studies,1(2), 16-24. Freeman, R. J., Shoulders, C. D., Allison, G. S., Smith Jr, G. R., Becker, C. J. (2014). Governmental and nonprofit accounting: theory and practice.JPAEJOURNAL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS EDUCATION VOLUME 20 NUMBER 3, 441. Jones, S. (2015). Development of financial accounting theory.The Routledge Companion to Financial Accounting Theory, 1. Miller, P., Power, M. (2013). Accounting, organizing, and economizing: Connecting accounting research and organization theory.The Academy of Management Annals,7(1), 557-605. Quinn Jr, E. (2014). The Evolution of Accounting Theory in Response to Market Changes.International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences,4(10), 509. Smith, M., Tucker, B. (2013).Advanced Strategic Management Accounting: Theory and Practice. Cengage Learning Australia. Vosslamber, R. (2013). Accounting Theory: Research, Regulation and Accounting Practice.Pacific Accounting Review. Wagenhofer, A. (2015). Usefulness and implications for financial accounting.The Routledge Companion to Financial Accounting Theory, 341.